By Professor Georgina Hold

Journal articles

Sun J; Brooks EC; Houshyar Y; Connor SJ; Paven G; Grimm MC; Hold GL, 2025, 'Unravelling the Relationship Between Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.', Inflamm Bowel Dis, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaf098

Noble A; Adams A; Nowak J; Cheng G; Nayak K; Quinn A; Kristiansen M; Kalla R; Ventham NT; Giachero F; Jayamanne C; Hansen R; Hold GL; El-Omar E; Croft NM; Wilson D; Beattie RM; Ashton JJ; Zilbauer M; Ennis S; Uhlig HH; Satsangi J, 2025, 'The Circulating Methylome in Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease', Journal of Crohn S and Colitis, 19, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae157

Lehr K; Oosterlinck B; Then CK; Gemmell MR; Gedgaudas R; Bornschein J; Kupcinskas J; Smet A; Hold G; Link A, 2025, 'Comparison of different microbiome analysis pipelines to validate their reproducibility of gastric mucosal microbiome composition', Msystems, 10, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/msystems.01358-24

Porcari S; Mullish BH; Asnicar F; Ng SC; Zhao L; Hansen R; O'Toole PW; Raes J; Hold G; Putignani L; Hvas CL; Zeller G; Koren O; Tun H; Valles-Colomer M; Collado MC; Fischer M; Allegretti J; Iqbal T; Chassaing B; Keller J; Baunwall SM; Abreu M; Barbara G; Zhang F; Ponziani FR; Costello SP; Paramsothy S; Kao D; Kelly C; Kupcinskas J; Youngster I; Franceschi F; Khanna S; Vehreschild M; Link A; De Maio F; Pasolli E; Miguez AB; Brigidi P; Posteraro B; Scaldaferri F; Stojanovic MR; Megraud F; Malfertheiner P; Masucci L; Arumugam M; Kaakoush N; Segal E; Bajaj J; Leong R; Cryan J; Weersma RK; Knight R; Guarner F; Shanahan F; Cani PD; Elinav E; Sanguinetti M; de Vos WM; El-Omar E; Dorè J; Marchesi J; Tilg H; Sokol H; Segata N; Cammarota G; Gasbarrini A; Ianiro G, 2025, 'International consensus statement on microbiome testing in clinical practice', Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 10, pp. 154 - 167, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00311-X

Koentgen S; Cosier D; Tavakoli P; Leach ST; Dutt S; Ghaly S; Connor SJ; Lemberg DA; Lambert K; Hold GL, 2025, 'P0018 Fat rich dietary habits: Further increasing IBD risk in first degree relatives', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i358 - i358, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.0192

Tearle J; Zhang F; Jackson K; Malhotra P; Tavakoli P; Koentgen S; Warren J; Williams C; Haque A; Arzivian A; Tedla N; Kim A; King H; Hold G; Ghaly S; James K, 2025, 'P0161 The primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis colonic mucosa defined through paired microbial and single-cell RNA sequencing', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i557 - i557, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.0335

Koentgen S; Zhang F; Wu N; Jayawardana T; Little R; Tavakoli P; Ghaly S; Connor SJ; Hold GL, 2025, 'P0203 Unique faecal & oral microbiota signatures in first degree relatives of inflammatory bowel disease patients', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i607 - i607, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.0377

Cosier D; Lambert K; Karen C; Batterham M; Little RD; Wu N; Tavakoli P; Ghaly S; Pipicella JL; Connor S; Leach S; Lemberg D; Houshyar Y; Jayawardana T; Koentgen S; Hold G, 2025, 'P0759 The interplay between dietary intake and disease activity in Australian adults with and without Inflammatory Bowel Disease', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i1465 - i1465, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.0933

Koentgen S; Zhang F; O’Brien C; Grimm M; Allen-Vercoe E; Hold GL, 2025, 'P1319 Multi-omic modelling of antibiotic perturbed faecal microbial communities demonstrates reduced microbial resilience in IBD', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2377 - i2377, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1493

Jayawardana T; Little RD; Zhang F; Koentgen S; Wu N; Tavakoli P; Sidhu S; Le A; Boussioutas A; Ward MG; Miles P S; Gibson PR; Ghaly S; Corte C; Talley NJ; Leach S; Lemberg D; Dutt S; Paramsothy S; Leong R; Connor SJ; Hold G, 2025, 'P1327 Microbial signatures associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Australia: baseline data from the Australian IBD Microbiome study', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2388 - i2389, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1501

Rimmer P; Zhang F; Scott G; Hold G; Gordon M; Iqbal T; Hansen R, 2025, 'P1330 The gut microbiome at the onset of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review of the literature and unified bioinformatic synthesis of sequencing data from >1000 treatment naïve patients', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2394 - i2395, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1504

Koentgen S; Zhang F; Khadka S; O'Brien C; Grimm M; Allen-Vercoe E; Hold GL, 2025, 'P1337 High fat diet drives increased dysbiosis in IBD compared to healthy controls', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2406 - i2406, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1511

Little R; Jayawardana T; Zhang F; Koentgen S; Wu N; Tavakoli P; Chung A; Ho A; Read S; Boussioutas A; Ward M; Sparrow M; Gibson P; Ghaly S; Corte C; Talley N; Leach S; Lemberg D; Dutt S; Paramsothy S; Leong R; Connor S; Hold G, 2025, 'P1340 Gut microbiota changes are associated with type of advanced therapy in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: baseline data from the Australian IBD Microbiome study', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2410 - i2412, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1514

Jayawardana T; Little RD; Zhang F; Koentgen S; Wu N; Houshyar Y; Tavakoli P; Boussioutas A; Ward MG; Sparrow MP; Gibson PR; Ghaly S; Corte C; Talley NJ; Leach S; Lemberg D; Dutt S; Paramsothy S; Leong R; Connor SJ; Hold G, 2025, 'P1344 Impaired health-related quality of life is associated with alterations in gut microbiota signatures in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: baseline data from the Australian IBD Microbiome study', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2419 - i2421, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1518

Little R; Jayawardana T; Zhang F; Houshyar Y; Koentgen S; Wu N; Ellepola A; Tavakoli P; Chung A; Ho A; Read S; Boussioutas A; Ward M; Sparrow M; Gibson P; Ghaly S; Corte C; Talley N; Leach S; Lemberg D; Dutt S; Paramsothy S; Leong R; Connor S; Hold G, 2025, 'P1345 Association of gut microbiota changes and disease activity in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis: baseline data from the Australian IBD Microbiome study', Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 19, pp. i2422 - i2423, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae190.1519

Kamath S; Bryant RV; Costello SP; Day AS; Forbes B; Haifer C; Hold G; Kelly CR; Li A; Pakuwal E; Stringer A; Tucker EC; Wardill HR; Joyce P, 2025, 'Translational strategies for oral delivery of faecal microbiota transplantation', Gut, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2025-335077

Cosier D; Lambert K; Charlton K; Batterham M; Little RD; Wu N; Tavakoli P; Ghaly S; Pipicella JL; Connor S; Leach S; Lemberg DA; Houshyar Y; Jayawardana T; Koentgen S; Hold GL, 2024, 'Dietary Patterns and Fibre Intake Are Associated with Disease Activity in Australian Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Exploratory Dietary Pattern Analysis †', Nutrients, 16, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16244349

Gemmell MR; Jayawardana T; Koentgen S; Brooks E; Kennedy N; Berry S; Lees C; Hold GL, 2024, 'Optimised human stool sample collection for multi-omic microbiota analysis', Scientific Reports, 14, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67499-4

Katsoudas N; Tavakoli P; Wu N; Shapiro A; Leach ST; Williams AJ; Paramsothy R; Ghaly S; Connor SJ; Samocha-Bonet D; Lambert K; Hold GL, 2024, 'Dietary Emulsifier Exposure in People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared with Healthy Controls: Is There a Cause for Concern?', Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 30, pp. 1241 - 1250, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izad318

Little RD; McKenzie J; Srinivasan A; Hilley P; Gilmore RB; Chee D; Sandhu M; Saitta D; Chow E; Thin L; Walker GJ; Moore GT; Lynch K; Andrews J; An YK; Bryant RV; Connor SJ; Garg M; Wright EK; Hold G; Segal JP; Boussioutas A; De Cruz P; Ward MG; Sparrow MP, 2024, 'Switching from Dose-Intensified intravenous to SubCutaneoUS infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (DISCUS-IBD): protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial', BMJ Open, 14, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081787

Ariaee A; Koentgen S; Wardill HR; Hold GL; Prestidge CA; Armstrong HK; Joyce P, 2024, 'Prebiotic selection influencing inflammatory bowel disease treatment outcomes: A review of the preclinical and clinical evidence', Egastroenterology, 2, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100055

Little RD; Jayawardana T; Koentgen S; Zhang F; Connor SJ; Boussioutas A; Ward MG; Gibson PR; Sparrow MP; Hold GL, 2024, 'Pathogenesis and precision medicine for predicting response in inflammatory bowel disease: Advances and future directions', Egastroenterology, 2, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/egastro-2023-100006

Rimmer P; Scott G; Quraishi MN; Hazel K; Cooney R; Zhang F; Hold GL; Gordon M; Iqbal T; Hansen R, 2024, 'Sa1887 IS DIVERSITY IMPORTANT IN THE GUT MICROBIOME AT IBD ONSET? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND META-ANALYSIS OF ALPHA-DIVERSITY DATA', Gastroenterology, 166, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(24)01772-4

Oosterlinck B; Ceuleers H; Arras W; De Man JG; Geboes K; De Schepper H; Peeters M; Lebeer S; Skieceviciene J; Hold GL; Kupcinskas J; Link A; De Winter BY; Smet A, 2023, 'Mucin-microbiome signatures shape the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer', Microbiome, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-023-01534-w

Baumdick ME; Niehrs A; Degenhardt F; Schwerk M; Hinrichs O; Jordan-Paiz A; Padoan B; Wegner LHM; Schloer S; Zecher BF; Malsy J; Joshi VR; Illig C; Schröder-Schwarz J; Möller KJ; Akar A; Flemming C; Felix ; Flomm ; Flosbach M; Jäger J; Jeromin N; Jung J; Ohms M; Reinshagen K; Rische J; Sagebiel A; Sandfort D; Steinert F; Tomuschat C; Wesche J; Martin MP; Yuki Y; Ozawa M; Sauter J; Schmidt AH; Perez D; Giannou AD; Carrington M; Davis RS; Schumacher U; Sauter G; Huber S; Puelles VG; Melling N; Franke A; Shifteh Abedian ; Abraham C; Achkar JP; Ahmad T; Alberts R; Alizadeh B; Amininejad L; Ananthakrishnan AN; Andersen V; Anderson CA; Andrews JM; Annese V; Aumais G; Baidoo L; Baldassano RN; Bampton PA; Barclay M; Barrett JC; Bethge J; Bewshea C; Bis JC; Bitton A; BK T; Boucher G; Brain O; Brand S; Brant SR; Cheon JH; Chew A; Cho JH; Cleynen I; Cohain A; Cooney R; Croft A; Daly MJ; D'Amato M; Danese S; Daryani NE; Datta LW; Denapiene G; Denson LA; Devaney KL; Dewit O; D'Inca R; Drummond HE; Dubinsky M; Duerr RH; Edwards C; Ellinghaus D; Ellul P; Esaki M; Essers J; Ferguson LR; Festen EA, 2023, 'HLA-DP on Epithelial Cells Enables Tissue Damage by NKp44+ Natural Killer Cells in Ulcerative Colitis', Gastroenterology, 165, pp. 946 - 962.e13, http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2023.06.034

Rokkas T; Hold GL, 2023, 'A systematic review, pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials exploring the role of fecal microbiota transplantation in irritable bowel syndrome', European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 35, pp. 471 - 479, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000002519

Mah C; Jayawardana T; Leong G; Koentgen S; Lemberg D; Connor SJ; Rokkas T; Grimm MC; Leach ST; Hold GL, 2023, 'Assessing the Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapeutics: A Systematic Review', Pathogens, 12, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020262

Zhang F; Gia A; Chen G; Gong L; Behary J; Hold GL; Zekry A; Tang X; Sun Y; El-Omar E; Jiang XT, 2023, 'Critical Assessment of Whole Genome and Viral Enrichment Shotgun Metagenome on the Characterization of Stool Total Virome in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients', Viruses, 15, pp. 53, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010053

Oosterlinck B; Arras W; De Man J; Geboes K; De Schepper HU; Peeters M; Lebeer S; Skieceviciene J; Hold GL; Kupcinskas J; Link A; De Winter BY; Smet A, 2023, 'Sa1865 MUCIN-MICROBIOME SIGNATURES SHAPE THE TUMOUR MICROENVIRONMENT IN GASTRIC CANCER', Gastroenterology, 164, pp. S - 468, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(23)02079-6

O'Donnell M; Teasdale S; Chua X-Y; Hardman J; Wu N; Curtis J; Samaras K; Bolton P; Morris M; Shannon-Weickert C; Purves-Tyson T; El-Assaad F; Jiang X; Hold G; El-Omar E; Wu N, 2022, 'The role of the microbiome in the metabolic health of people with schizophrenia and related psychoses: cross-sectional and pre-post lifestyle intervention analyses', Pathogens, 11, pp. 1279, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111279

Little RD; Ward MG; Wright E; Jois AJ; Boussioutas A; Hold GL; Gibson PR; Sparrow MP, 2022, 'Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Subcutaneous Infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease—Understanding Pharmacokinetics and Exposure Response Relationships in a New Era of Subcutaneous Biologics', Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11206173

Carserides C; Smith K; Zinicola M; Kumar A; Swedrowska M; Scala C; Cameron G; Riches Z; Iannelli F; Pozzi G; Hold GL; Forbes B; Kelly C; Hijazi K, 2022, 'Comprehensive Study of Antiretroviral Drug Permeability at the Cervicovaginal Mucosa via an In Vitro Model', Pharmaceutics, 14, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091938

Gulliver EL; Young RB; Chonwerawong M; D'Adamo GL; Thomason T; Widdop JT; Rutten EL; Rossetto Marcelino V; Bryant RV; Costello SP; O'Brien CL; Hold GL; Giles EM; Forster SC, 2022, 'Review article: the future of microbiome-based therapeutics', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 56, pp. 192 - 208, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.17049

Breugelmans T; Oosterlinck B; Arras W; Ceuleers H; De Man J; Hold GL; De Winter BY; Smet A, 2022, 'The role of mucins in gastrointestinal barrier function during health and disease', Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 7, pp. 455 - 471, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00431-3

James KR; Elmentaite R; Teichmann SA; Hold GL, 2022, 'Redefining intestinal immunity with single-cell transcriptomics', Mucosal Immunology, 15, pp. 531 - 541, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41385-021-00470-y

James KR; Elmentaite R; Teichmann SA; Hold GL, 2022, 'Correction to: Redefining intestinal immunity with single-cell transcriptomics (Mucosal Immunology, (2021), 10.1038/s41385-021-00470-y)', Mucosal Immunology, 15, pp. 526 - 526, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41385-022-00483-1

Amorim N; McGovern E; Raposo A; Khatiwada S; Shen S; Koentgen S; Hold G; Behary J; El-Omar E; Zekry A, 2022, 'Refining a Protocol for Faecal Microbiota Engraftment in Animal Models After Successful Antibiotic-Induced Gut Decontamination', Frontiers in Medicine, 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.770017

Shaw S; Berry S; Thomson J; Murray GI; El-Omar E; Hold GL, 2022, 'Gut Mucosal Microbiome Signatures of Colorectal Cancer Differ According to BMI Status', Frontiers in Medicine, 8, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.800566

Smet A; Kupcinskas J; Link A; Hold GL; Bornschein J, 2022, 'The Role of Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Cancer and Cancer Treatment: Chance or Curse?', Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 13, pp. 857 - 874, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.013

Wu N; Mah C; Koentgen S; Zhang L; Grimm MC; El-Omar E; Hold GL, 2021, 'Inflammatory bowel disease and the gut microbiota', Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 80, pp. 424 - 434, http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002966512100197X

Hansen R; Bajaj-Elliott M; Hold GL; Gerasimidis K; Iqbal TH; Amos G; Thomas LV; Marchesi JR, 2021, 'Next-generation sequencing as a clinical laboratory tool for describing different microbiotas: An urgent need for future paediatric practice', Archives of Disease in Childhood, 106, pp. 1035, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-321683

Lambert K; Pappas D; Miglioretto C; Javadpour A; Reveley H; Frank L; Grimm MC; Samocha-Bonet D; Hold GL, 2021, 'Systematic review with meta-analysis: dietary intake in adults with inflammatory bowel disease', Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 54, pp. 742 - 754, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apt.16549

Nelson A; Stewart CJ; Kennedy NA; Lodge JK; Tremelling M; Probert CS; Parkes M; Mansfield JC; Smith DL; Hold GL; Lees CW; Bridge SH; Lamb CA, 2021, 'The Impact of NOD2 Genetic Variants on the Gut Mycobiota in Crohn's Disease Patients in Remission and in Individuals without Gastrointestinal Inflammation', Journal of Crohn S and Colitis, 15, pp. 800 - 812, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa220

Bornschein J; Tran-Nguyen T; Fernandez-Esparrach G; Ash S; Balaguer F; Bird-Lieberman EL; Córdova H; Dzerve Z; Fassan M; Leja M; Lyutakov I; Middelburg T; Moreira L; Nakov R; Nieuwenburg SAV; O'Connor A; Realdon S; De Schepper H; Smet A; Spaander MCW; Tolmanis I; Urbonas T; Weigt J; Hold GL; Link A; Kupcinskas J, 2021, 'Biopsy Sampling in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Survey from 10 Tertiary Referral Centres across Europe', Digestive Diseases, 39, pp. 179 - 189, http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000511867

Mahalhal A; Burkitt MD; Duckworth CA; Hold GL; Campbell BJ; Pritchard DM; Probert CS, 2021, 'Long‐term iron deficiency and dietary iron excess exacerbate acute dextran sodium sulphate‐induced colitis and are associated with significant dysbiosis', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073646

Keller JJ; Ooijevaar RE; Hvas CL; Terveer EM; Lieberknecht SC; Högenauer C; Arkkila P; Sokol H; Gridnyev O; Mégraud F; Kump PK; Nakov R; Goldenberg SD; Satokari R; Tkatch S; Sanguinetti M; Cammarota G; Dorofeev A; Gubska O; Ianiro G; Mattila E; Arasaradnam RP; Sarin SK; Sood A; Putignani L; Alric L; Baunwall SMD; Kupcinskas J; Link A; Goorhuis AG; Verspaget HW; Ponsioen C; Hold GL; Tilg H; Kassam Z; Kuijper EJ; Gasbarrini A; Mulder CJJ; Williams HRT; Vehreschild MJGT, 2021, 'A standardised model for stool banking for faecal microbiota transplantation: a consensus report from a multidisciplinary UEG working group', United European Gastroenterology Journal, 9, pp. 229 - 247, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050640620967898

Williams AJ; Paramsothy R; Wu N; Ghaly S; Leach S; Paramsothy S; Corte C; O'Brien C; Burke C; Wark G; Samocha-Bonet D; Lambert K; Ahlenstiel G; Wasinger V; Dutt S; Pavli P; Grimm M; Lemberg D; Connor S; Leong R; Hold G, 2021, 'Australia IBD Microbiome (AIM) Study: Protocol for a multicentre longitudinal prospective cohort study', BMJ Open, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042493

Susic D; Davis G; O'Sullivan AJ; McGovern E; Harris K; Roberts LM; Craig ME; Mangos G; Hold GL; El-Omar EM; Henry A, 2020, 'Microbiome Understanding in Maternity Study (MUMS), an Australian prospective longitudinal cohort study of maternal and infant microbiota: study protocol', BMJ Open, 10, pp. e040189, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040189

Link A; Hold G, 2020, 'First Case of Covid-19 in the United States', The New England journal of medicine, 382, pp. e53, http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2004794

Bezawada N; Phang TH; Hold GL; Hansen R, 2020, 'Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Gut Microbiota in Children: A Systematic Review', Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 76, pp. 16 - 29, http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505363

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