By Emeritus Professor William Ledger

Journal articles

Choi SKY; Li W; Venetis C; Ledger W; Lui K; Harris K; Norman RJ; Jorm LR; Chambers GM, 2025, 'Perinatal risks associated with infertility and medically assisted reproduction: a population-based cohort study', Human Reproduction Open, 2025, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaf020

Adamson GD; Armstrong H; Cheong Y; Damato E; Fatemi H; Ferriani R; Griesinger G; Ledger WL; Pistollato M; Pellicer A; Petrova A; Rombauts L; Wilsdon T; Ziebe S, 2025, 'Policy solutions to improve access to fertility treatment and optimise patient care: consensus from an expert forum', Frontiers in Reproductive Health, 7, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frph.2025.1605480

Horta F; Sakkas D; Ledger W; Goldys EM; Gilchrist RB; Horta Nunez F, 2025, 'Could metabolic imaging and artificial intelligence provide a novel path to non-invasive aneuploidy assessments? A certain clinical need', Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 37, pp. RD24122, http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd24122

Ee C; Hunter J; Bensoussan A; Ledger W; Davidson A; Fahey P; Nicol C; Kaur H; Low M; Templeman K; Al-Dabbas MA; Smith C, 2024, 'Changes in sperm quality with an antioxidant formula in mild-moderate male infertility: A prospective study', European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 72, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2024.102412

Sandhu S; Hickey M; Koye DN; Braat S; Lew R; Hart R; Norman RJ; Hammarberg K; Anderson RA; Peate M; Eggsurance Collaborative Group , 2024, 'Eggsurance? A randomized controlled trial of a decision aid for elective egg freezing.', Hum Reprod, 39, pp. 1724 - 1734, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae121

Kiely N; Arulpragasam K; Vasihnav T; Spiteri J; Sweeten P; Ledger W, 2024, 'P-376 Letrozole to minimise exposure to elevated serum estradiol during superovulation for breast cancer patients prior to chemotherapy. Real world experience from a statewide oncofertility service', Human Reproduction, 39, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae108.732

Gallagher S; Attinger S; Sassano A; Sutton E; Kerridge I; Newson A; Farsides B; Hammarberg K; Hart R; Jackson E; Ledger W; Mayes C; Mills C; Norcross S; Norman RJ; Rombauts L; Waldby C; Yazdani A; Lipworth W, 2024, 'Medicine in the marketplace: clinician and patient views on commercial influences on assisted reproductive technology', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 48, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.103850

Handelsman DJ; Idan A; Sleiman S; Bacha F; Long GV; Menzies AM; Vaishnav T; Litkouhi N; Volckmar X; Ledger W; Anazodo A, 2024, 'Testicular function after non-cytotoxic and immunotherapy drug treatment', Andrology, 12, pp. 891 - 898, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/andr.13546

Venetis C; Choi SKY; Jorm L; Zhang X; Ledger W; Lui K; Havard A; Chapman M; Norman RJ; Chambers GM, 2024, 'Risk for Congenital Anomalies in Children Conceived With Medically Assisted Fertility Treatment: A Population-Based Cohort Study', Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, 79, pp. 101 - 103, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ogx.0001008544.02811.12

Gilchrist RB; Ho TM; De Vos M; Sanchez F; Romero S; Ledger WL; Anckaert E; Vuong LN; Smitz J, 2024, 'A fresh start for IVM: capacitating the oocyte for development using pre-IVM', Human Reproduction Update, 30, pp. 3 - 25, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmad023

Krysta-Matter AE; Riepsamen AH; Lien S; Wong WYT; Richani D; Kilani S; Harrison CA; Mallitt KA; Ledger WL; Robertson DM; Gilchrist RB, 2023, 'Application of specific ELISAs for BMP15 and GDF9 to cumulus cell extracts from infertile women', Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 578, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2023.112049

Sandhu S; Hickey M; Lew R; Hammarberg K; Braat S; Agresta F; Parle A; Allingham C; Ledger W; Fisher J; Johnson L; Michelmore J; Summers F; Hart R; Norman RJ; Lieberman D; Anderson RA; Peate M, 2023, 'The development and phase 1 evaluation of a Decision Aid for elective egg freezing', BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 23, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02178-4

Mihalas BP; Frost ER; Kadam KM; Sucquart IE; Sirigeri P; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB, 2023, 'A strong foundation for the next generation', Molecular Reproduction and Development, 90, pp. 773, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.23709

Venetis C; Choi SKY; Jorm L; Zhang X; Ledger W; Lui K; Havard A; Chapman M; Norman RJ; Chambers GM, 2023, 'Risk for Congenital Anomalies in Children Conceived With Medically Assisted Fertility Treatment', Annals of Internal Medicine, 176, pp. 1308 - 1320, http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M23-0872

Strout N; Pasic L; Hicks C; Chua XY; Tashvighi N; Butler P; Liu Z; El-Assaad F; Holmes E; Susic D; Samaras K; Craig ME; Davis GK; Henry A; Ledger WL; El-Omar EM, 2023, 'The MothersBabies Study, an Australian Prospective Cohort Study Analyzing the Microbiome in the Preconception and Perinatal Period to Determine Risk of Adverse Pregnancy, Postpartum, and Child-Related Health Outcomes: Study Protocol', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20, pp. 6736, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186736

Sandhu S; Hickey M; Braat S; Hammarberg K; Lew R; Fisher J; Ledger W; Peate M; Agresta F; Lieberman D; Anderson R; Norman R; Hart R; Johnson L; Michelmore J; Parle A; Summers F; Allingham C, 2023, 'Information and decision support needs: A survey of women interested in receiving planned oocyte cryopreservation information', Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 40, pp. 1265 - 1280, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-023-02796-x

Shamsa A; Gilchrist RB; Robertson DM; Rodgers RJ; Donoghoe MW; Ledger WL; Abbott JA; Riepsamen AH, 2023, 'Oocyte-Secreted Serum Biomarkers GDF9 and BMP15 in Women with Endometriosis', Reproductive Sciences, 30, pp. 1521 - 1527, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-022-01107-6

McCredie S; An B; McShane M; Ledger W; Venetis CA, 2023, 'Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration during pregnancy: a longitudinal study', Reproduction and Fertility, 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/RAF-22-0128

Riepsamen AH; Donoghoe MW; Indran IR; Hechtman L; Robertson DM; Gilchrist RB; Ledger WL; Yong EL, 2023, 'Serum GDF9 and BMP15 as potential markers of ovarian function in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome', Clinical Endocrinology, 98, pp. 567 - 577, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cen.14851

Arulpragasam K; O’Neil M; Sweeten P; Lieberman D; Rodgers R; Choi S; Tan J; Briggs N; Ledger WL, 2023, '#182 : Pharmacokinetics of Ovarian Stimulation for Projected Poor Responder Patients in IVF. A Randomised Trial Comparing a Corifollitropin Alfa Agonist Flare Protocol with a Corifollitropin Alfa Antagonist Protocol', Fertility & Reproduction, 05, pp. 358 - 358, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318223741620

Aflatounian A; Paris VR; Richani D; Edwards MC; Cochran BJ; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Bertoldo MJ; Wu LE; Walters KA, 2022, 'Declining muscle NAD+ in a hyperandrogenism PCOS mouse model: Possible role in metabolic dysregulation', Molecular Metabolism, 65, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101583

Xiong T; Paris VR; Edwards MC; Hu Y; Cochran BJ; Rye KA; Ledger WL; Padmanabhan V; Handelsman DJ; Gilchrist RB; Walters KA, 2022, 'Androgen signaling in adipose tissue, but less likely skeletal muscle, mediates development of metabolic traits in a PCOS mouse model', American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 323, pp. E145 - E158, http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00418.2021

Habibalahi A; Campbell JM; Bertoldo MJ; Mahbub SB; Goss DM; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Wu LE; Goldys EM, 2022, 'Unique Deep Radiomic Signature Shows NMN Treatment Reverses Morphology of Oocytes from Aged Mice', Biomedicines, 10, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071544

Choi SKY; Venetis C; Ledger W; Havard A; Harris K; Norman RJ; Jorm LR; Chambers GM, 2022, 'Population-wide contribution of medically assisted reproductive technologies to overall births in Australia: Temporal trends and parental characteristics', Human Reproduction, 37, pp. 1047 - 1058, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac032

Campbell JM; Mahbub SB; Bertoldo MJ; Habibalahi A; Goss DM; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Wu LE; Goldys EM, 2022, 'Multispectral autofluorescence characteristics of reproductive aging in old and young mouse oocytes', Biogerontology, 23, pp. 237 - 249, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-022-09957-y

Li HWR; Nelson SMG; Ledger WL, 2022, 'Editorial: Clinical Applications of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Its Measurement in Reproductive Medicine and Women’s Health', Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.879053

Crespi S; Hu XH; Johnson B; Griesinger G; Ledger WL; Heisel O; Kolibianakis EM, 2022, 'Patient burden and healthcare resource utilization of regimens for ovarian stimulation', Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 44, pp. 573 - 581, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.03.019

Nesbitt-Hawes EM; Dietz HP; Ledger WL; Abbott JA, 2022, 'Four-dimensional ultrasound biometry following botulinum toxin type A injection to the pelvic floor', Neurourology and Urodynamics, 41, pp. 375 - 382, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nau.24833

XIONG T; PARIS VRODRIGUEZ; EDWARDS MC; COCHRAN BJ; RYE K-A; LEDGER WL; PADMANABHAN V; HANDELSMAN DJ; GILCHRIST RB; WALTERS KA, 2022, 'Androgen Actions in Adipose Tissue, But Not Skeletal Muscle, are Involved in the Development of Metabolic PCOS Features in a Mouse Model', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 169 - 169, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740814

GILCHRIST RB; RICHANI D; CULLINAN R; DALATI S; TILIA L; ANAZODO A; LEDGER WL; RODGERS RJ, 2022, 'Application of Ex-Vivo In Vitro Maturation (IVM) to Fertility Preservation in Cancer Patients', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 133 - 133, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740450

HABIBALAHI A; BERTOLDO MJ; MAHBUB SB; CAMPBELL JM; GOSS DM; LEDGER WL; GILCHRIST RB; WU LE; GOLDYS EM, 2022, 'Assessment of Oocyte Quality Using Deep Radiomic Signature of Oocyte Morphology in the Mouse', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 135 - 135, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740474

LIPWORTH W; LEDGER W; GALLAGHER S; KARPIN I; KERRIDGE I; MAYES C; MILLS C; NEWSON A; NORMAN R; STEWART C; WALDBY C, 2022, 'Innovation, Commerce and Assisted Reproductive Technology: Opportunities and Challenges', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 146 - 146, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740589

BIGGS S; LEWIS S; KENNEDY J; CHAMBERS G; MCLACHLAN R; O’BRYAN M; von SALDERN S; HART R; KHASHABA S; LEDGER W; NICOL C; ROMBAUTS L; STERN K; YAZDANI A; HALLIDAY J, 2022, 'Opportunities and Challenges Arising from the Australian Male Infertility Exposure (AMIE) Study', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 174 - 174, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740851

HABIBALAHI A; CULLINAN R; TILLIA L; DALATI S; MAHBUB SB; CAMPBELL JM; RIEPSAMEN A; GILCHRIST RB; LEDGER WL; GOLDYS EM, 2022, 'Prediction of Progression from Oocyte to Useable Blastocyst Using Deep Radiomic Signatures: Preliminary Results', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 136 - 136, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318222740486

RIEPSAMEN AH; DONOGHOE MW; INDRAN IR; LIEN S; HECHTMAN L; ROBERTSON DM; GILCHRIST RB; YONG E-L; LEDGER WL, 2022, 'Serum GDF9 and BMP15 as Markers of Ovarian Function in Healthy Women and Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', Fertility & Reproduction, 04, pp. 141 - 141, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s266131822274053x

Ko JKY; Kan A; Leung P; Lee VCY; Li RHW; Ledger W; Ng EHY, 2021, 'Comparison of the number of oocytes obtained after ovarian stimulation between Chinese and Caucasian women undergoing in vitro fertilization using a standardized stimulation regime', Journal of Ovarian Research, 14, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13048-021-00928-4

Rodgers RJ; Abbott JA; Walters KA; Ledger WL, 2021, 'Translational Physiology of Anti-Müllerian Hormone: Clinical Applications in Female Fertility Preservation and Cancer Treatment', Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12, pp. 689532, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.689532

Shyamsunder A; Hardy T; Yazdani A; Polyakov A; Norman R; Hart R; Agresta F; Rombauts L; Boothroyd C; Chapman M; Sweeten P; Somerville E; Jose R; Wand H; Ledger WL, 2021, 'Higher Doses of FSH Used for Superovulation Do Not Adversely Affect Embryonic Ploidy: A Randomized Controlled Trial (STimulation Resulting in Embryonic Aneuploidy using Menopur (STREAM) Trial)', Fertility and Reproduction, 03, pp. 108 - 114, http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S2661318221500146

Riepsamen AH; Donoghoe MW; Baerwald A; Pankhurst MW; Lien S; Chong YH; Robertson DM; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB, 2021, 'Exploratory analysis of serum concentrations of oocyte biomarkers growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 in ovulatory women across the menstrual cycle', Fertility and Sterility, 116, pp. 546 - 557, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.001

Paris VR; Edwards MC; Aflatounian A; Bertoldo MJ; Ledger WL; Handelsman DJ; Gilchrist RB; Walters KA, 2021, 'Pathogenesis of reproductive and metabolic PCOSTraits in a mouse model', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 5, http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab060

Li HWR; Robertson DM; Burns C; Ledger WL, 2021, 'Challenges in Measuring AMH in the Clinical Setting', Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12, http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.691432

Riepsamen AH; Donoghoe MW; Baerwald A; Pankhurst MW; Lien S; Chong YH; Robertson DM; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB, 2021, 'Serum Concentrations of GDF9 and BMP15 Across the Menstrual Cycle', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 5, pp. A734 - A735, http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1494

Chambers GM; Choi SKY; Irvine K; Venetis C; Harris K; Havard A; Norman RJ; Lui K; Ledger W; Jorm LR, 2021, 'A bespoke data linkage of an IVF clinical quality registry to population health datasets; methods and performance', International Journal of Population Data Science, 6, pp. 1679, http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v6i1.1679

Rodriguez Paris V; Solon-Biet SM; Senior AM; Edwards MC; Desai R; Tedla N; Cox MJ; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Simpson SJ; Handelsman DJ; Walters KA, 2020, 'Defining the impact of dietary macronutrient balance on PCOS traits', Nature Communications, 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19003-5

Ombelet W; van Eekelen R; McNally A; Ledger W; Doody K; Farquhar C, 2020, 'Should couples with unexplained infertility have three to six cycles of intrauterine insemination with ovarian stimulation or in vitro fertilization as first-line treatment?', Fertility and Sterility, 114, pp. 1141 - 1148, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.10.029

Chambers GM; Keller E; Choi S; Khalaf Y; Crawford S; Botha W; Ledger W, 2020, 'Funding and public reporting strategies for reducing multiple pregnancy from fertility treatments', Fertility and Sterility, 114, pp. 715 - 721, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.1405

Makeyeva Y; Nicol C; Ledger WL; Ryugo DK, 2020, 'Immunocytochemical Localization of Olfactory-signaling Molecules in Human and Rat Spermatozoa', Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 68, pp. 491 - 513, http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/0022155420939833

Aflatounian A; Edwards MC; Paris VR; Bertoldo MJ; Desai R; Gilchrist RB; Ledger WL; Handelsman DJ; Walters KA, 2020, 'Androgen signaling pathways driving reproductive and metabolic phenotypes in a PCOS mouse model', Journal of Endocrinology, 245, pp. 381 - 395, http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/JOE-19-0530

Paris VR; Kaakoush NO; Solon-Biet SM; Edwards MC; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Simpson SJ; Handelsman DJ; Walters KA, 2020, 'MON-022 Dissecting the Interplay Between Diet and PCOS Pathology on Gut Microbiota in a PCOS Mouse Model', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.568

Cox MJ; Edwards MC; Aflatounian A; Paris VR; Ledger WL; Gilchrist RB; Handelsman DJ; Walters KA, 2020, 'SAT-018 Androgen Actions in Adipose Tissue and the Brain Are Key Mediators in the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', Journal of the Endocrine Society, 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.088

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